Western literature week8

Topic: Quiz7& The Aeneid

• Quiz

*fair-

1)=justice, treating people equally without favouritism or discrimination

→it's not fair!

2)=exhibit, a public event in the countryside where farm animals and farm products are sold 

→ the state fair/ vanity fair

     *van-"empty, vain, idle" 

       vanish

       vanity-"Vanity vanity all is vanity."

3)=beautiful

→Tall, beautiful, fair, his appearance was greeted with a low hum of admiration and anxiety.

1.Juno convinces Aeolus to stir the winds and seas in order to wreck(= tear down) Aeneas and his ships. (in page.891)

*Aeolus-was the ruler of the winds in Greek mythology. 

5. Once again, the gods have arranged for a rainstorm to come up during the hunt that Aeneas and Dido are on together.

→affair:1)A love affair →Swingers often point to the high rates of clandestine extra-marital affairs when discussing this issue.

　　　   2)An event or sequence of events of a specified kind or that has previously been referred to →The revolution in military affairs refers to this new form of information-based warfare

6. Consistent with epic tradition, the poem’s speaker invokes the Muse to inspire his story "Tell me, Muse, / how it all began" 

*voc;vok- "to call"

invoke

provoke-Stimulate or give rise to (a reaction or emotion, typically a strong or unwelcome one) in someone

evoke-1)Bring or recall (a feeling, memory, or image) to the conscious mind

              →the sight evoked pleasant memories of his childhood

           2)=invoke

7.Carthage is ruled by Queen Dido (whose brother is Pygmalion).

*Pygmalion-"a sculptor who fell in love with his statue" (original meaning) → "a creator who loves something he or she created" (common meaning)

He is a legendary figure of Cyprus. 

Though Pygmalion is the Greek version of the Phoenician royal name Pumayyaton, he is most familiar from Ovid's narrative poem Metamorphoses, in which Pygmalion was a sculptor who fell in love with a statue he had carved.

a. My Fair Lady is a musical based on George Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion, with book and lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe. 

The story concerns Eliza Doolittle, a Cockney flower girl who takes speech lessons from professor Henry Higgins, a phoneticist, so that she may pass as a lady. The original Broadway, London and film versions all starred Rex Harrison.

b.Pygmalion effect-is the phenomenon whereby higher expectations lead to an increase in performance. 

1)It occurs in the workplace when a manager raises his or her expectations for the performance of workers, and this actually results in an increase in worker performance.

2)In the classroom (teaching methods) 

The effect is named after the Greek myth of Pygmalion, a sculptor who fell in love with a statue he had carved.

c.Pygmalion and Galatea
Bicentennial Man- a film which explores issues of humanity, slavery, prejudice, maturity, intellectual freedom, conformity, sex, love, and mortality.

Andrew goes on a quest to locate more NDR series robots to discover if others have also developed sentience. After years of failure he finds Galatea (Kiersten Warren), an NDR robot that has been given feminine attributes and personality. These, however, are simply aspects of her programming and not something which she spontaneously developed. 

• discussion 

(1) duty VS responsibility

　  duty-a moral or legal obligation(半強迫式) → duty free

　　responsibility-The state or fact of having a duty to deal with something or of having control over someone(自發性的) → response

(2)patronage-

     a. The rights and duties or position of a patron.

　　→St.Christopher(patron god of traveler) 

     b. The power to control appointments to office or the right to privileges