Topic: Quiz3 &Book discussion
- Notes on the quiz
1. Who sends the plague to the Achaean camp near the beginning of The Iliad?
(A) Apollo
(B) Zeus
(C) Hera
(D) Moses
*Achaean: Greek troop
*Chryses was a priest of Apollo at Chryse, near the city of Troy. During the Trojan War, Agamemnon took Chryses' daughter Chryseis from Moesia as a war prize and when Chryses attempted to ransom her, refused to return her. Chryses prayed to Apollo, and he, in order to defend the honor of his priest, sent a plague sweeping through the Greek armies, and Agamemnon was forced to give Chryseis back in order to end it.
*the different pronunciation in "ch"-
/k/ in Achaean/əˋkiən/; chemistry/ˈkem.ɪ.stri/; stomach/ˈstʌm.ək/
/ʃ/ in Chicago/ʃɨˈkɑːɡoʊ/ ;machine /məˈʃiːn/
/tʃ/ in church /tʃɝːtʃ/
2. When does Achilles die?
(A) In Book 4
(B) In Book 12
(C) In Book 24
(D) He doesn’t die in The Iliad.
*The Iliad ended in Hector's funeral.
4. When is The Iliad thought to have been composed?
(A) The twelfth century B.C.
(B) The fifteenth century B.C.
(C) The eighth century B.C.
(D) The third century B.C.
*com-; con-; col-: with;together
compose/combat/competition
conclude/context
collaborate/collection
*ransom-a large sum of money which is demanded in exchange for someone who has been taken prisoner, or sometimes for an animal.
5. Who helps rescue Machaon after Paris wounds him?
(A) Nestor
(B) Hector
(C) Patroclus
(D) Odysseus
*Machaon(physician)-He led an army from Thessaly in the Trojan War on the side of the Greeks.Both Machaon and Podalirius(his brother) were highly valued surgeons and medics.In the Iliad he was wounded and put out of action by Paris.
*Nestor- "the Gerenian horseman." (Homeric epithet),fought on the side of the Achaeans in the Trojan War.
6. Who kills Dolon?
(A) Odysseus
(B) Aeneas
(C) Ajax
(D) Diomedes
*Dolon(Night Mission in the Iliad)-fought for Troy during the Trojan War.Considered a fast runner, after a request by Hector in which all the Trojan men were called together, Dolon volunteered to spy on the Greek ships and check whether or not, as well as how, the Greeks were still guarding them.By chance, he was spotted by Odysseus and Diomedes while they were on a secret raid to plunder the Trojans.......he was decapitated by Diomedes before the two went into the Trojan camp to wreak havoc.
*Diomedes- a hero in Greek mythology.In Homer's Iliad Diomedes is regarded alongside Ajax as one of the best warriors of all the Achaeans (behind only Achilles in prowess).
13. Who reminds Achilles that the Achaean soldiers cannot fight on empty stomachs?
(A) Ajax
(B) Odysseus
(C) Agamemnon
(D) Menelaus
*Odysseus(the Latin name:Ulysses)-"cunning intelligence"
Athena plays a big part in aiding Odysseus back to Ithaca. She acts as his guardian and helps him through many of his troubles and distresses. She reunites him with his son Telemachus and disguises him in Ithaca as a beggar. In the end she also reunites him with his wife Penelope after twenty years away from her.
17. With which immortal does Achilles engage in one-on-one combat?
(A) The river god Xanthus
(B) Zeus
(C) Hephaestus
(D) Apollo
*Xanthus(Scamander)-Scamander fought on the side of the Trojans during the Trojan War (Iliad XX, 73/74; XXI), after the Greek hero Achilles insulted him. According to Homer, he was called Xanthos by gods and Scamander by men.
*the different pronunciation of "X"-
/z/ in Xanthus/ˈzænθəs/; anxiety/æŋˈzaɪ.ə.ti/
/k/ in anxious/ˈæŋ.kʃəs/
/ks/ in xerox/ˈzɪr.ɑːks/ copy (xerox copy=carbon copy)
18. Why does Zeus initially agree to help the Trojans in the war?
(A) Because he thinks Paris deserves Helen more than Menelaus does.
(B) He does so as a favor to Thetis, who asks him on behalf of Achilles.
(C) He does so to spite his nagging wife, Hera.
(D) Because he despises Odysseus for lusting after Hera.
*initial-:get started
initiate-to cause something to begin
initialize(初始化)-to set the numbers, amounts etc. in a computer program so that it is ready to start working
19. What provokes Achilles’ rage against Agamemnon?
(A) Agamemnon’s demand that Achilles hand over Briseis
(B) Agamemnon’s insults of Achilles’ lineage
(C) Agamemnon’s defeat of Achilles in a footrace
(D) Agamemnon’s repeated sending of Achilles to the front lines, where the danger of being killed is greatest
*-voke; -voc :to call
evoke(e-: out of)-to make someone remember something or feel an emotion
→That smell always evokes memories of my old school.
→a detergent designed to evoke the fresh smell of summer meadows
provoke-to cause a reaction, especially a negative one
*outrageous-shocking and morally unacceptable (別再只會用ridiculous)
22. What magical charm does Hera use in seducing Zeus and making him fall asleep?
(A) Some powder from a ground-up rhinoceros horn
(B) An enchanted breastband from Aphrodite
(C) A magical potion mixed by the Sirens
(D) A talisman that Hermes gave her
*-chant:魔咒
24. Where is Achilles’ old armor most vulnerable to attack?
(A) At the heel
(B) At the elbow
(C) At the neck
(D) In the eye visor
*armo(u)r/shield: 盾牌
- The Great Gatsby-by F. Scott Fitzgerald
*invulnerable(in-:否定)
*ad-:往前走
advance/advantage
epic-a genre of poetry
a.Oral poetry -a poetry that is composed and transmitted without the aid of writing.
In many cultures, oral poetry overlaps with, or is identical with, song. Meanwhile, although the term oral etymologically means 'to do with the mouth', in some cultures oral poetry is also performed by other means, such as talking drums in some African cultures.In most oral literature, poetry is defined by the fact that it conforms to metrical rules; examples of non-poetic oral literature in Western culture include some jokes, speeches and storytelling.
ex,Gilgamesh and The Iliad.
b.Literary poetry -a long narrative poem, often written about a hero or heroines.
ex,Virgil's Aeneid and Dante's Divine Comedy
- extra: book discussion(remember to mark the outline in the book where we're going to study in this semester)
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